NP Effectiveness - Outcome Studies and Articles

(Historical and Current Articles)

Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Brown, S. & Grimes, D. (1995). A meta-analysis of nurse practitioners and nurse midwives in primary care. Nursing Research, 44(6), 332 – 339.

Edmunds, M. (1978). Evaluation of nurse practitioner effectiveness: An overview of the literature. Evaluation and the Health Professions, 1, 69 - 82.

Feldman, M., Ventura, M., & Crosby, F. (1987). Studies of nurse practitioner effectiveness. Nursing Research, 36(5), 303 – 308.

Horrocks, S., Anderson, E., & Salisbury, C. (2002). Systematic review of whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors. British Medical Journal, 324, 819-823.

Larochelle, D. (1987). Research studies on nurse practitioners in ambulatory health care: A review 1980 – 1985. Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 10(3), 65 – 75.

Laurant, M., Reeves, d., Hermens, R., Braspenning, J., Grol, R., & Sibbald, B. (2005). Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care. The Cochrane Collaboration.

Prescott, P. & Driscoll, L. (1979). Nurse practitioner effectiveness: A review of physician- nurse comparison studies. Evaluation and the Health Professions, 2, 387 – 418.

Sox, H. (1979). Quality of patient care by nurse practitioners and physician’s assistants: A ten- year perspective. Annals of Internal medicine, 91, 459-468.

Data on Family Practice Physicians vs Family Nurse Practitioners 

Birkholz, G. & Walker D. (1994).  Strategies for state statutory language changes granting fully independent nurse practitioner practice.  Nurse Practitioner 19(1):  54-58.

Brotherton, S. E., Rockey, P.H., & Etzel, S.I.  (2005).  US Graduate Medical Education, 2004-2005. JAMA 294(9):  1075-1082.

Flinter, M.  (2005).  Residency programs for primary care nurse practitioners in federally qualified health centers:  A service perspective.  OJIN (10)3: Manuscript 5.  Available online:  www.nursingworld.org/ojin/topic28/tpc28_5.htm

Mezey, M.  Burger, S.G., Bloom, H.G., Bonner, A., Bourbonniere, M., Bowers, B. Burl, J.B., Capezuti, E., Carter, D., Dimant, J., Jerro, S.A., Reinhard, S.C., & TerMaat, M.  (2005) Experts recommend strategies for strengthening the use of advanced practice nurses in nursing homes.  Journal of the American Geriatric Society. 53(10):  1790-1797.

Phillips, R. L. & Starfield, B.  (2004).  Why does a U.S. primary care physician workforce crisis matter?  American Family Physician.  70(3):443-446.

Pugno, P.A., Schmittling, G. T. & Kahn, N.B.  (2005).  Entry of US medical school graduates into family medicine residencies:  2004-2005 and 3 year summary.  Family Medicine 37(8):546-554.

  
Nurse Practitioner vs Physician Outcomes in Patients Treated by Either Provider

Aigner, M.J., Drew, S. & Phipps, J.  (2004).  A comparative study of nursing home resident outcomes between care provided by nurse practitioner/physicians versus physicians only. J Am Med Dir Assoc.  5 (1):16-23

Lambing, A.Y.,  Adams, D.L., Fox, D.H. & Divine, G.  (2004).  Nurse practitioners and physicians’ care activities and clinical outcomes with an inpatient geriatric population.  J. Am. Acad.Nurse Pract.  16(8):343-352.

Lenz, E.R., Mundinger, M., Kane, R.L., Hopkins, S.C. & Lin, S.X.  (2004).   Primary Care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians:  two year follow up.  Medical Care Research and Review. 61(3): 332-351.

Lenz, E.R., Mundinger, M.O., Hopkins, S. C., Lin, S.X. &  Smolowitz, J. L. (2002).  Diabetes care processes and outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians.  Diabetes Educ. 28(4):590-598.

Lenz, E.R., Mundinger, M.O., Hopkins, S. C., Lin, S.X. &  Smolowitz, J. L. (2002).  Put into practice.  Diabetes care processes and outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians.  Diabetes Educ. 28(4):566-569.

Litaker, D., Mion,L., Planavsky, L., Kippes, C., Mehta, N. & Frolkis, J.  (2003)  Physician-nurse practitioner teams in chronic disease management:  the impact on costs, clinical effectiveness, and patients’ perception of care.  J Interprof Care. (17(3):223-237.

Mundinger, M.O., Kane, R. L., Lenz, E.R., Totten, A.M., Wei-Yann, T., Cleary, P.D., Friedewald, W. T., Siu, A. L., Shelanski, M.L.  (2000) Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians.  JAMA.  283(1):  59-68.

Rudy, E.B., Davidson, L.J., Daly, B., Clochesy, J.M., Sereika, S., Baldisseri, M., Hravnak, M., Ross, T. & Ryan, C.   (1998).  Care activities and outcomes of patients cared for by acute care nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and resident physicians:  a comparison.  Am J. Crit Care.  7(4):267-281.

Sox, H.C.  (1979).  Quality of patient care by nurse practitioners and physician assistants’:  a ten year perspective.  Ann Intern Med. 91:459-468.

Spitzer, W.O., Sackett, D.L., Sibley J.C., et al.  (1974).  The Burlington randomized trial of the nurse practitioners.  New England J. Med.  290:251-256.

Wardrope, J. & Rothwell, S.  (2000).  Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians:  A randomized trial.  J Accid Emerg Med. 17(4): 290-291.

Acute Care

Christmas, FB, Reynolds, J., Hodges, S., Franklin, GA., Miller, FB., Richardson, JD., & Rodriquez, JL. (2005). Physician extenders impact  trauma systems.  Journal of Trauma, 58(5):917-920.

Hoffman, LA., Tasota, FJ., Scharfenberg, C., &  Donahoe, MP. (2005) Outcomes of care managed by an acute care nurse  practitioner/attending physician team in a subacute medical  intensive care unit.  American Journal of Critical Care, 14(2): 121-132.

Jensen, L. & Scherr, K.  (2004).  Impact of the practitioner role in  cardiothoracic surgery.  CACCN, 15(3):  14-19.

Meyer, SC. & Miers, LJ.  (2005). Cardiovascular surgeon and acute care  nurse practitioner. (2005).  AACN Clinical Issues, 16(2):149-158.

Geriatric

Barrow, CR. & Graber, RB.  (2000).  Nurse practitioner care versus physician  care:  An analysis of recent outcomes research.  Advance for Nurse Practitioners, 17-18.

Lambing, AY., Adams, DLC., Fox, DH., & Divine, G.  (2004).  Nurse  practitioners’ and physician’ care activities and clinical outcomes  with an inpatient geriatric population.  Journal of the American  Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 16(8): 343-352.

Pediatrics

Woods, L.  (2006). Evaluating the clinical effectiveness of neonatal nurse  practitioners:  An exploratory study.  Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15:   (35-44).

 
Primary Care

Brooten, D., Youngblut, JM., Kutcher, J., & Bobo, C.  (2004). Quality and the  nursing workforce:  APNs, patient outcomes and health care costs.  Nursing Outlook, 52(1):  45-52.

Cooper, RA.  (2001).  Health care workforce for the twenty-first century:  The  impact of nonphysician clinicians. Annual Rev. Med., 52:  51-61.

Horrocks, S., Anderson, E. & Salisbury, C.  (2002).  Systematic review of  whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide  equivalent care to doctors.  BMJ, 324:  819- 823.

Iliffe, S.  (2000).  Nursing and the future of primary care:  Handmaidens or  agents for managed care.  BMJ, 320:1020-1021.

Kleinpell, R. & Gawlinski, A.  (2005). Assessing outcomes in Advanced practice nursing practice.  AACN Clinical Issues, 16(1):  43-57.

Laurant, M., Reeves, D., Hermens, R., Braspenning, J., Grol, R., & Sibbald, B.,   (2004).  Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care (Review).  Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 4. Art.No:  CD00127/14651858.CD00127.pub2.

Seale, C., Anderson, E. & Kinnersley, P.  (2005).  Comparison of gp and nurse practitioner consultations:  An observational study.  British Journal of  General Practice 55:938-943.

Seale, C., Anderson, E., & Kinnersley, P.  (2006).  Treatment advice in primary  care:  a comparative study of nurse practitioners and general  practitioners.  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 54(5):  534-541.

Venning, P.,, Durie,A., Roland M., Roberts, C. & Leese B. (2000).  Randomised  controlled trial comparing cost effectiveness of general practitioners  and nurse practitioners in primary care.   BMJ, 320:1048.1053.